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Baris 1.754: |
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| <div style="font-size: 12pt;font-family: 'times new roman';text-align: justify;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 2"> | | <div style="font-size: 12pt;font-family: 'times new roman';text-align: justify;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 2"> |
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− | ===<div style="font-weight:bold;font-family: 'times new roman'; display: contents">Konsep Dasar Sistem</div>===
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− | <div style="font-size: 12pt;font-family: 'times new roman';text-align: justify;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 2">
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1. Definisi
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− | Sistem</span></b></p>
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.2pt'><span lang=ES-MX
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− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
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− | 18.0pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
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− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Julitta Dewayani dan Fitri
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− | Wahyuningsih (2016:11) mendefinisikan, “Sistem adalah suatu kerangka dari
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− | prosedur-prosedur yang saling berhubungan yang disusun sesuai dengan suatu
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− | skema yang menyeluruh untuk melaksanakan suatu kegiatan atau fungsi
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− | perusahaan”.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
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− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
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− | 18.0pt;line-height:197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
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− | 197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Mulyadi (2016:4): “Prosedur
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− | adalah suatu urutan kegiatan klerikal, biasanya melibatkan beberapa orang
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− | didalam suatu departemen atau lebih, yang dibuat untuk menjamin penanganan
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− | secara seragam transaksi perusahaan yang terjadi berulang-ulang”.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span lang=ES-MX
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− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:12.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
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− | 18.0pt;line-height:199%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
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− | 199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Maka berdasarkan dari beberapa
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− | pengertian diatas maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa prosedur merupakan suatu urutan
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− | pekerjaan yang tersusun dari awal hingga akhir yang biasanya melibatkan
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− | beberapa orang dalam satu bagian departemen atau lebih sesuai dengan bagiannya
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− | masing-masing, yang disusun untuk menjamin 8 penanganan secara seragam terhadap
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− | transaksi-transaksi perusahaan yang terjadi berulang-ulang.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-13.0pt'><b><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><b><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Karakteristik
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− | Sistem</span></b></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.55pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
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− | style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Komponen Sistem
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− | (<i>compenents</i>)</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:10.5pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
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− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Suatu
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− | sistem tidak berada dalam lingkungan yang kosong, tetapi sebuah sistem berada
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− | dan berfungsi di dalam lingkungan yang berisi sistem lainnya. Suatu sistem
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− | terdiri dari sejumlah komponen yang saling berinteraksi, bekerja sama membentuk
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− | suatu kesatuan. Apabila suatu sistem merupakan slah satu dari komponen sistem
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− | lain yang lebih besar, maka akan disebut dengan sub sistem sedangkan sistem
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− | yang lebih besar tersebut sering disebut supra sistem.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.2pt'><span style='font-size:10.5pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Batasan Sistem (<i>boundary</i>)</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
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− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Ruang
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− | lingkup sistem merupakan daerah yang membatasi atau pemisag antara suatu sistem
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− | dengan sistem yang lainnya atau dengan luarnya, batasan sistem ini memungkinkan
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− | suatu sistem dipandang sebagai sautu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Lingkungan Luar
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− | (<i>environment</i>)</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
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− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Lingkungan
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− | luar adalah apa pun di luar batas dari sistem yang dapat mempengaruhi operasi
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− | sistem tersebut disebut lingkungan luar sistem, lingkungan luar sistem ini
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− | dapat bersifat menguntungkan ataupun yang merugikan sistem tersebut. Lingkungan
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− | luar yang menguntungkan ini tentunya harus dijaga dan dipelihara sehingga akan
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− | mendukung kelangsungan operasi sebuah sistem. Sedangkan lingkungan yang
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− | merugikan harus ditahan dan dikendalikan agar tidak mengganggu kelangsungan
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− | sebuah sistem tersebut.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
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− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
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− | </span>
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− |
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− | <div class=WordSection3>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
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− | -17.95pt;line-height:199%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
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− | 199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>4. Mempunyai Penghubung (<i>interface</i>)
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− | Antar Komponen Penghubung (<i>interface</i>) merupakan media penghubung antara
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− | satu sistem dengan sub sistem yang lainnya. Penghubung ini memungkinkan
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− | sumber-sumber daya mengalir dari sautu subsistem ke subsitem lain. Penghubung
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− | inilah yang akan menjadi media yang digunakan data dari masukan (<i>input</i>)
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− | hingga keluaran (<i>output</i>). Engan adanya penghubung inilah yang akan
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− | menjadi media yang digunakan data dari masukan (<i>input</i>) hingga keluaran (<i>output</i>).
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− | </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dengan
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− | adanya penghubung, suatu sistem dapat berinteraksi dan berintegrasi dengan sub
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− | sistem yang membentuk suatu kesatuan.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.6pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>5.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Mempunyai
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− | Masukan (<i>input</i>)</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
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− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Masukan
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− | atau <i>input</i> merupakan energi yang dimasukan delalam sistem.masukan dapat
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− | berupa pemeliharaan (<i>maintance input</i>), yaitu bahan yang dimasukan agar
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− | sistem tersebut dapat beroperasi dan masukan sinyal (<i>signal input</i>),
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− | yaitu masukan yang diproses untuk mendapatkan keluaran. Contoh didalam suatu
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− | unit sistem komputer</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
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− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>“program”
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− | adalah maintance input yang digunakan untuk mengopersiakn komputernya “data”
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− | adalah signal input untuk diolah menjadi informasi.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>6.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Mempunyai
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− | Keluaran (<i>output</i>)</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
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− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Keluaran
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− | (<i>output</i>) merupakan hasil energi dari pemrosesan. Keluaran dapat berupa
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− | informasi yang dpat digunakan sebagai masukan untuk mengambil keputusan atau
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− | hal-hal yang menjadi input bagi subsistem lain atau hanya sebagai sisa
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− | pembuangan.</span></p>
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− |
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− | </div>
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− |
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− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
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− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
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− | </span>
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− |
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− | <div class=WordSection4>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>7.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Mempunyai
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− | Pengolahan (<i>processing</i>)</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
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− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Pengolahan
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− | (<i>process</i>) merupakan suatu sistem yang melakukan perubahan dari masukan
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− | untuk menjadi keluaram yang diinginkan. Contohnya sistem akutansi. Sistem ini
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− | akan mengolah data transaksi</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>menjadi laporan-laporan yang dibutuhkan
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− | oleh pihak manajemen.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:12.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
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− | -17.95pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>8. Mempunyai Sasaran (<i>objective</i>)
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− | dan Tujuan (<i>goal</i>) Suatu sistem pasti memiliki sasaran (<i>objective</i>)
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− | atau tujuan (<i>goal</i>) yang bersifat deterministic. </span><span lang=ES-MX
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Apabila
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− | suatu sistem tidak mempunyai sasaran,maka operasi sistem tdak ada gunanya.
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− | Tujuan inilah yang mengarahkan suatu sistem, tanpa adanya tujuan sistem menjadi
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− | tidak terarah dan terkendali. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
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− | 199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Suatu sitem dikatakan berhasil bila
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− | mengenai sasaran atau tujuan yang telah direncanakan.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>9.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Mempunyai Umpan
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− | Balik (<i>Feed Back</i>)</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.3pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
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− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Umpan
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− | balik diperlukan oleh bagian kendali (<i>control</i>) sistem untuk mengecek
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− | terjadinya penyimpangan proses dalam sistem dan mengembalikanya ke dalam
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− | kondisi normal.</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.3pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><b><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Klasifikasi
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− | Sistem</span></b></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
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− | 34.9pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Hutahaean (2015:6), Sistem
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− | merupakan suatu bentuk integrasi antara satu komponen dan komponen lain karena
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− | sistem memiliki sasaran yang berbeda untuk setiap kasus yang terjadi di dalam
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− | sistem tersebut. </span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Oleh karena itu sistem dapat
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− | diklasifikasikan dari beberapa sudut pandang. </span><span style='font-size:
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− | 12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Adapun
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− | klasifikasi sistem dapat diuraikan sebagai berikut :</span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-20.8pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sistem
| |
− | Abstrak dan Sistem Fisik</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:12.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sistem
| |
− | abstrak merupakan sistem yang berupa pemikiran atau ide-ide yang tidak tampak
| |
− | secara fisik, misalnya sistem telogi. Sedangkan sistem fisik diartikan sebagai
| |
− | sistem yang nampak secara fisik sehingga setiap mahluk dapat melihatnya,
| |
− | misalnya sistem komputer</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:112.0pt;text-indent:-17.65pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sistem Alamiah
| |
− | dan Sistem Buatan Manusia</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:112.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sistem
| |
− | alamiah merupakan sistem yang terjadi melalui proses alam, tidak dibuat oleh
| |
− | manusia, misalnya sistem tata surya, sistem galaksi, sistem reproduksi dan
| |
− | lain-lain. Sedangkan sistem buatan manusia merupakan sistem yang dirancang oleh
| |
− | manusia. Sistem buatan yang melibatkan interaksi manusia, misalnya sistem akuntansi,
| |
− | sistem informasi, dan lain-lain.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.1pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-20.8pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>c.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sistem
| |
− | Deterministik dan Sistem Probabilistik</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.3pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sistem
| |
− | deterministik merupakan sistem yang beroperasi dengan tingkah laku yang sudah
| |
− | dapat diprediksi. Interaksi bagian-bagiannya dapat dideteksi dengan pasti
| |
− | sehingga keluaran dari sistem dapat diramalkan, misalnya sistem komputer,
| |
− | adalah contoh sistem yang tingkah lakunya dapat dipastikan berdasarkan
| |
− | program-program komputer yang dijalankan. Sedangkan sistem robabilistik
| |
− | merupakan sistem yang kondisi masa depanya tidak dapat diprediksi karena
| |
− | mengandung unsur probabilitas, misalnya sistem manusia.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-20.8pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>d.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sistem
| |
− | Terbuka dan Sistem Tertutup</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:12.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sistem
| |
− | terbuka merupakan sistem yang berhubungan dan terpengaruh dengan lingkungan
| |
− | luarnya. Lebih sepesifik dikenal juga yang disebut dengan sistem terotomasi,
| |
− | yang merupakan bagian dari sistem buatan manusia dan beriteraksi dengan kontrol
| |
− | oleh satu atau lebih komputer sebagai bagian dari sistem yang digunakan dalam
| |
− | masyarakat modern. Sistem ini menerima masukan dan menghasilkan keluaran untuk
| |
− | subsistem lainnya, misalnya sistem kebudayaan manusia. Sedangkan sistem
| |
− | tertutup merupakan sistem yang tidak berhubungan dan tidak terpengaruh dengan
| |
− | lingkungan luarnya.Sistem ini bekerja secara otomatis
| |
− | tanpa danya campur tangan dari pihak luar. Secara teoritis sistem tersebut ada,
| |
− | tetapi kenyataannya tidak ada sistem yang benar-benar tertutup, yang ada
| |
− | hanyalah <i>relatively closed system</i> (secara relatif tertutup, tidak
| |
− | benar-benar tertutup).</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.2</span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsep
| |
− | Dasar Sistem Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.</span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi
| |
− | Sistem Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Hutahean (2016:13)“Sistem informasi
| |
− | adalah suatu sistem didalam suatu organisasi yang memepertemukan kebutuhan
| |
− | pengelola transaksi harian, mendukung operasi, bersifat manajerial, dan
| |
− | kegiatan strategi dari suatu organisasi dan menyediakan pihal luar tertentu
| |
− | dengan laporan-laporan yang dibutuhkan”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:195%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Swastika dan Putra (2016:3)
| |
− | “ Sistem informasi merupakan kumpulan dari komponen-komponen dalam perusahaan
| |
− | atau organisasi yang berhubungan dengan proses penciptaan
| |
− | dan pengalihan informasi”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.25pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dari beberapa pendapat diatas maka
| |
− | dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem informasi adalah suatu sistem perusahaan atau
| |
− | organisasi yang mempertemukan kebutuhan pengelola transaksi.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.25pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2. Komponen
| |
− | Sistem Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.2pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sistem informasi terdiri dari
| |
− | komponen-komponen yang disebut blok bangunan (<i>building block</i>), yang
| |
− | terdiri dari blok masukan, blok model, blok keluaran, blok teknologi, blok
| |
− | basis data, dan blok kendali. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sebagai suatu sistem, ke enam blok
| |
− | tersebut masing-masing berinteraksi satu dengan yang lain membentuk
| |
− | satu-kesatuan untuk menapai sasaran.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Blok Masukan</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.3pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Input
| |
− | mewakili data yang masuk kedalam sistem informasi. Input disini termasuk metode
| |
− | dan media untuk menangkap data yang akan dimasukkan, yang dapat berupa
| |
− | dokumen-dokumen dasar.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Blok Model</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Input
| |
− | mewakili data yang masuk kedalam sistem informasi. Input disini termasuk metode
| |
− | dan media untuk menangkap data yang akan dimasukkan, yang dapat berupa
| |
− | dokumen-dokumen dasar.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Blok Keluaran</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Produk dari sistem informasi adalah keluaran yang
| |
− | merupakan informasi yang berkualitas dan dokumentasi yang brguna untuk semua
| |
− | tingkatan manajemen serta semua tingkatan manajemen.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection8>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>4.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Blok Teknologi</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Teknologi
| |
− | merupakan “<i>tool box</i>” dalam sistem informasi. Teknologi digunakan untuk
| |
− | menerima input menjalankan model, menyimpan dan mengakses data, menghasilkan
| |
− | dan mengirimkan keluaran dan membantu pengendalian dari sistem secara
| |
− | keseluruhan. Teknologi terdiri dari 3 (tiga) bagian utama, yaitu teknisi (<i>brainmare</i>),
| |
− | perangkat lunak (<i>software</i>), dan perangkat keras (<i>hardware</i>).</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>5.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Blok Basis Data</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Bagian
| |
− | data (<i>database</i>) merupakan data yang saling berkaitan satu dengan yang
| |
− | lain, tersimpan diperangkat keras komputer dan menggunakan perangkat lunak
| |
− | untuk memanipulasinya. Data perlu disimpan dalam basis data untuk keperluan
| |
− | penyediaan informasi lebih lan jut. Data di dalam basis data
| |
− | perludiorganisasika sedemikian rupa supaya informasi yang dihasilkan
| |
− | berkualitas. </span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Organisasi basis data yang baik juga
| |
− | berguna untuk efisiensi kpasitas penyimpanan. Basis data yang baik juga berguna
| |
− | untuk efisiensi kapasitas penyimpanan. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Basis data diakses atau
| |
− | dimanipulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak paket yang disebut DBMS (<i>Database
| |
− | Manajemen Sistem</i>).</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection9>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>6.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Blok Kendali</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Banyak
| |
− | hal yang dapat merusak sistem informasi seperti bencana alam, api, temperature,
| |
− | air, debu, kecurangan-kecurangan, kegagalan-kegagalan sistem itu sendiri,
| |
− | ketidak efisien, sabotase, dan lain sebagainya. Beberapa pengendalian perlu
| |
− | dirancang dan ditetapkan untuk meyakinkan bahwa hal-hak yang dapat merusak
| |
− | sistem dapat dicegah ataupun bila terlanjur terjsi kesalahan-kesalahan dapat
| |
− | cepat langsung teratasi.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.1pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.3.</span></b><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Konsep Dasar
| |
− | Perancangan Sistem</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi
| |
− | Perancangan Sistem</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:36.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Berikut
| |
− | ini beberapa pengertian tentang perancangan sistem menurut beberapa ahli, yaitu
| |
− | :</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut
| |
− | McLeod dalam Fauzi dan Titis (2015:26) “Perancangan Sistem adalah penentuan
| |
− | proses dan data yang diperlukan oleh sistem baru, jika sistem itu berbasis
| |
− | komputer, perancangan dapat dinyatakan spesifikasi peralatan yang digunakan”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.9pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-17.6pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut
| |
− | Rusdi Nur, dkk (2018:5), “perancangan adalah suatu proses untuk membuat dan
| |
− | mendesain sistem yang baru”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.25pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.05pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Berdasarkan beberapa pendapat diatas
| |
− | maka peneliti menarik kesimpulan bahwa perancangan sistem adalah sebuah proses
| |
− | penentuan pembuatan sistem yang baru berdasarkan hasil dari data yang sudah
| |
− | dikumpulkan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection10>
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Tujuan
| |
− | Perancangan Sistem</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:31.55pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Iswandy (2015:72), pada umumnya tujuan
| |
− | melakukan suatu perancangan sistem informasi adalah :</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:109.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Untuk memenuhi
| |
− | kebutuhan pemakai sistem informasi;</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -18.0pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Untuk
| |
− | memberikan gambaran yang jelas dan rancang bangun lengkap kepada pemrograman
| |
− | komputer dan ahli teknik yang terlibat;</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Untuk
| |
− | mendukung pengolahan pelaporan manajemen dan mendukung perusahaan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut
| |
− | McKay, .dkk dalam <i>Internasional Journal of Computer</i> <i>Intergrated
| |
− | Manufacturing </i>(2016:237), “<i>Engineering design is an important early
| |
− | stage of the innovation processes that deliver new product to markets where
| |
− | societal challenges are addressed and wealth generated. Hight-quality
| |
− | engineering design information is critical to the effective and efficient
| |
− | manufacture, production and throught-life support of such product. The emerging
| |
− | discipline of engineering design informatic brings together ICT (Information
| |
− | and Communications Technology) and engineering design to support the creation
| |
− | of well-founded engineering information support systems</i>”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection11>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.4.</span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsep
| |
− | Dasar Analisa Sistem</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.</span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi
| |
− | Analisa Sistem</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Suryadi dalam jurnal CCIT
| |
− | Vol. 9 No. 3 (2016:270), “Analisis sistem merupakan penguraian dari suatu
| |
− | sistem yang utuh kedalam bagian-bagian komponennya dengan maksud untuk
| |
− | mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi permasalahan-permaslahan, hambatan-hambatan
| |
− | yng terjdi dari kebutuhan yang diharapkan sehingga dapat diusulkan
| |
− | perbaikn-perbaikanya”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.75pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Dede Bachtiar dan Atikah
| |
− | dalam Jurnal SISFOTEK GLOBAL (2015:72) mendefinisikan, “Analisa sistem adalah
| |
− | langkah-langkah melakukan analisa sistem yang akan dirancang, serta melakukan
| |
− | penelitian terhadap kebutuhan-kebutuhan sistem, dan apa saja kekurangannya”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.</span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Tahap
| |
− | Analisa Sistem</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Topik Nur Hidayat, dkk
| |
− | (2017), “Tahapan analisa sistem adalah tahap penguraian dari suatu sistem yang
| |
− | utuh kedalam bagian-bagain kompnennya dengan maksud untuk mengidentifikasikan
| |
− | dan mengevaluasi permasalahn - permaslahan, kesempatan-kesempatan,
| |
− | hambatan-hambatan yang terjadi dan kebutuhan-kebutuhan yang diharapkan sehingga
| |
− | dapat dibut rancangan sistem yang baru sesuai dengan kebutuhan”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection12>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.5.</span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsep
| |
− | Dasar Data dan Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.</span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi
| |
− | Data</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Iswandy (2015:73), Data
| |
− | adalah sesuatu yang belum mempunyai arti bagi penerimanya dan masih memerlukan
| |
− | adanya suatu pengolahan. Data bisa berwujud suatu keadaan, gambar, suara,
| |
− | huruf, angka, matematika, bahasa ataupun simbol-simbol lainnya yang bisa kita
| |
− | gunakan sebagai bahan untuk melihat lingkungan, obyek, kejadian ataupun suatu
| |
− | konsep.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.75pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Kaharu dan Sakina (2016:30)
| |
− | dalam Jurnal Elektronik Sistem Informasi dan Komputer Vol. 2 No. 1, “Data
| |
− | merupakan suatu kenyataan yang menggambarkan kejadian dan kesatuan nyata. </span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kejadian
| |
− | adalah sesuatu yang terjadi pada saat tertentu.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.05pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Tohari dalam Rochman dan Yanti
| |
− | (2016:39) “Informasi merupakan suatu aset penting bagi suatu institusi atau
| |
− | organisasi. Oleh karena itu, informasi harus berkualitas, dijaga, dan
| |
− | dipelihara dengan baik”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.9pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Abidin dalam Sutopo, dkk (2016:24)
| |
− | “Informasi adalah data yang diolah menjadi bentuk yang berguna dan menjadi
| |
− | berarti bagi penerimanya. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kegunaan informasi adalah untuk
| |
− | mengurangi ketidak pastian di dalam proses pengambilan keputusan tentang suatu
| |
− | keadaan”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection13>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3. Jenis-jenis Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.75pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 24.0pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Lusyani dalam Jurnal CCIT (2015: 80), “Sistem informasi manajemen tidak mempunyai pendapat yang sama mengenai
| |
− | jenis-jenis informasi yang di operasikan dalam manajemen. Dari berbagai
| |
− | pendapat yang berbeda dapat di dimpulkan bahwa informasi dalam manajemen di
| |
− | klasifikasikan berdasarkan aspek-aspek, yang di antaranya adalah :</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt;text-indent:-18.25pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi
| |
− | berdasarkan persyaratan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:100.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Suatu
| |
− | informasi harus memenuhi persyaratan sebagai mana di butuhkan oleh manajer
| |
− | dalam rangka pengambilan keputusan yang harus segera di lakukan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:4.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:100.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi
| |
− | berdasarkan dimensi waktu di bagi menjadi dua (2), yaitu :</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi masa
| |
− | lalu</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:127.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi
| |
− | jenis ini adalah mengenai peristiwa lampau yang meskipun jarang di pergunakan,
| |
− | namun dalam penyimpanannya dalam storage perlu di susun secara rapih dan
| |
− | teratur.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:4.05pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi masa
| |
− | kini</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:127.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dari
| |
− | istilahnya sendiri adalah jelas bahwa makna dari informasi masa kini ialah
| |
− | informasi mengenai peristiwa-peristiwa yang terjadi sekarang.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.7pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>4.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Nilai Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:18.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut
| |
− | Palit, dkk (2015:2), ada 10 kategori dalam nila informasi diantaranya:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kemudahan dalam
| |
− | memperoleh</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <b> </b>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection14>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi memperoleh nilai yang lebih sempurna
| |
− | apabila dapat diperoleh secara mudah. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi yang penting
| |
− | dan sangat dibutuhkan menjadi tidak bernilai jika sulit diperoleh.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sifat luas dan
| |
− | kelengkapannya</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi
| |
− | mempunyai nilai yang lebih sempurna apabila mempunyai lingkup atau cakupan yang
| |
− | luas dan lengkap. </span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi sepotong dan tidak
| |
− | lengkap menjadi tidak bernilai, karena tidak dapat digunakan secara baik.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.3pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Ketelitian (<i>accuracy</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi
| |
− | mempunyai nilai yang lebih sempurna apabila mempunyai ketelitian yang tinggi
| |
− | atau akurat. Informasi menjadi tidak bernilai jika tidak akurat, karena akan
| |
− | mengakibatkan kesalahan pengambilan keputusan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.2pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>4.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kecocokan dengan
| |
− | pengguna (<i>relevance</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi mempunyai nilai yang lebih sempurna
| |
− | apabila sesuai dengan kebutuhan penggunanya. Informasi berharga dan penting
| |
− | menjadi tidak bernilai jika tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan penggunanya, karena
| |
− | tidak dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengambilan keputusan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.3pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>5.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Ketepatan waktu</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi mempunyai nilai yang lebih sempurna
| |
− | apabila dapat diterima oleh pengguna pada saat yang tepat. Informasi berharga
| |
− | dan penting menjadi tidak bernilai jika terlambat diterima atau usang, karena
| |
− | tidak dapat dimanfaatkan pada saat pengambilan keputusan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.3pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>6.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kejelasan (<i>clarity</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <b> </b>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection15>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi yang jelas akan meningkatkan kesempurnaan
| |
− | nilai informasi. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kejelasan informasi dipengaruhi oleh
| |
− | bentuk dan format informasi.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>7.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Fleksibilitas
| |
− | atau keluwesannya</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Nilai informasi semakin sempurna apabila memiliki
| |
− | fleksibilitas tinggi. Fleksibilitas informasi diperlukan oleh para manajer atau
| |
− | pimpinan pada saat pengambilan keputusan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>8.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dapat dibuktikan</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Nilai informasi semakin sempurna apabila informasi tersebut
| |
− | dapat dibuktikan kebenarannya. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kebenaran informasi bergantung pada
| |
− | validitas data sumber yang diolah.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>9.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Tidak ada
| |
− | prasangka</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:194%'><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:194%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Nilai
| |
− | informasi semakin sempurna apabila informasi tersebut tidak menimbulkan
| |
− | prasangka dan keraguan adanya kesalahan informasi.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.75pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>10.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dapat diukur</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:195%'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Informasi
| |
− | untuk pengambilan keputusan seharusnya dapat diukur agar dapat mencapai nilai
| |
− | yang sempurna.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.5pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>5.</span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kualitas
| |
− | Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.2pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:31.55pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Abidin dalam Sutopo, dkk (2016:24), Kualitas
| |
− | informasi sangat dipengaruhi atau ditentukan oleh beberapa hal yaitu :</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Relevan (<i>Relevancy)</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Akurat (<i>Accurancy)</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>c.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Tepat waktu (<i>Time
| |
− | liness)</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <i> </i>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection16>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>d.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Ekonomis (<i>Economy)</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>e.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Efisien (<i>Efficiency)</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>f.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Ketersediaan (<i>Availability</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>g.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dapat dipercaya
| |
− | (<i>Reliability)</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>h.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsisten</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:19.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.6.</span></b><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Konsep Dasar
| |
− | Teknologi Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi
| |
− | Teknologi Informasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:36.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Berikut ini beberapa pengertian tentang teknologi
| |
− | informasi menurut beberapa ahli, yaitu:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Wawan
| |
− | Dhewanto dan Grisna Anggadwita (2015:19)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>“Teknologi informasi terdiri dari atas dua kata yang
| |
− | memiliki makna berbeda. Kata teknologi berasal dari dua kata, yaitu <i>techno</i>
| |
− | yang berarti seni, dan <i>logia</i> (<i>logos</i>) yang berarti ilmu, teori.
| |
− | Sedangkan kata informasi berasal dari kata Perancis kuno pada tahun 1387, yaitu
| |
− | <i>informacion</i> yang diambil dari bahasa latin <i>informationem </i>yang
| |
− | berarti garis besar, konsep, ide. Informasi<i> </i>merupakan kata benda dari <i>informare</i>
| |
− | yang berarti aktivitas dalam pengetahuan yang dikomunikasikan. Berdasarkan
| |
− | pendekatan tersebut maka teknologi informasi didefinisikan sebagai seni dan
| |
− | ilmu dalam menyampaikan informasi dari pengirim ke penerima”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut
| |
− | Haaq dan Keen dalam Rusdiana dan Irfan (2015:52)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>“Teknologi
| |
− | Informasi sebagai seperangkat alat yang membantu bekerja
| |
− | dengan informasi dan melakukan tugas-tugas yang berhubungan dengan pemrosesan
| |
− | informasi”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.25pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:195%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>c.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Martin (2015) “Teknologi
| |
− | informasi tidak hanya terbatas pada teknologi komputer (perangkat keras dan
| |
− | perangkat lunak)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.25pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>yang
| |
− | digunakan untuk memproses dan menyimpan informasi,melainkan juga mencakup
| |
− | teknologi komunikasi untuk mengirimkan informasi.”</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.7pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>d.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Berdasarkan
| |
− | beberapa pendapat diatas maka peneliti menarik kesimpulan bahwa teknologi
| |
− | informasi adalah seperangkat alat yang membantu dalam bekerja dengan
| |
− | menggabungkan komputer dengan jalur komunikasi berkecepatan tinggi.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi Analisa
| |
− | Sistem</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.05pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Analisa sistem merupakan proses atau
| |
− | metode yang digunakan untuk memahami atau melakukan penelitian terhadap sebuah
| |
− | sistem guna mendapatkan solusi dalam menangani permasalahan. Pendapat tersebut
| |
− | dipertegas kembali oleh Suryadi dalam Jurnal CCIT Vol. 9 No. 3 (2016:270) yang
| |
− | mengungkapkan bahwa analisis sistem merupakan penguraian dari suatu sistem yang
| |
− | utuh kedalam bagian-bagian komponennya dengan maksud untuk mengidentifikasikan
| |
− | dan mengevaluasi permasalahan-permasalahan, hambatan-hambatan yang terjadi dari
| |
− | kebutuhan yang diharapkan sehingga dapat diusulkan perbaikan-perbaikannya.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection18>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2. Prinsip-prinsip Analisa Sistem</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 31.1pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Analisis sistem merupakan contoh yang
| |
− | baik dari pendekatan sistem untuk memecahkan masalah dengan tujuan pada
| |
− | pengembangan sistem yang relatif mudah diubah manakala diperlukan. Sehingga
| |
− | terdapat prinsip-prinsip analisis sistem yaitu (Tyoso, 2016:18):</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Mendefinisikan
| |
− | masalah, masalah yang akan dipecahkan dengan sistem diatur berkenaan dengan
| |
− | lingkungan tempat sistem berinteraksi.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.25pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menyatakan
| |
− | sasaran sistem, tujuan umum dan khusus yang ingin dicapai yang berkaitan dengan
| |
− | keefektifan ditetapkan dan diumumkan kepada pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menetapkan
| |
− | batasan sistem (<i>system boundaries</i>), pembatas antara sistem yang baru
| |
− | dengan lingkungannya harus diperinci. Hubungan sistem (<i>interface</i>) yang
| |
− | berkaitan dengan masukan dan keluaran harus ditegaskan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menetapkan kendala sistem, kendala pada
| |
− | sistem dan proses pengembangannya, seperti biaya dan jangka waktu untuk
| |
− | pengembangan sistem, harus dipastikan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dekomposisi
| |
− | sistem, sistem dipecah kedalam sub-subsistem yang saling terkait dan
| |
− | berhubungan dengan lingkungannya. Hubungan antara subsistem ditentukan sehingga
| |
− | seorang analis sistem mampu melihat sistem dengan terinci. Subsistem yang
| |
− | berada pada tingkat bawah yang nantinya dirancang dan menjadi bagian sistem
| |
− | yang ditetapkan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection19>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.</span></b><span style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Teori Khusus</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.1. Konsep <i>Unified Modeling
| |
− | Language</i> (UML)</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1. Definisi UML</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Munawar dalam Waspodo (2015:2), <i>Unified
| |
− | Modelling</i> <i>Language </i>(UML) adalah salah satu alat bantu yang sangat
| |
− | handal dalam<i> </i>dunia pengembangan sistem yang berorientasi obyek. Hal ini
| |
− | di sebabkan karena UML menyediakan bahasa pemodelan visual yang memungkinkan
| |
− | bagi pengembang sistem untuk membuat cetak biru atas visi mereka dalam bentuk
| |
− | yang baku, mudah di mengerti, serta di lengkapi dengan mekanisme yang efektif
| |
− | untuk berbagi (sharing) dan mengkomunikasikan rancangan mereka dengan yang
| |
− | lain.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut F. Alaghbari dan Noura Aknin,
| |
− | dalam <i>Global Journal of</i> <i>Engineering Science and Researches </i>(GJESR)
| |
− | Vol.2 (2) (2015:63-68), <i>“The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a standard
| |
− | language for</i> <i>writing software blueprints that premiered with version 1.1
| |
− | in 1997. Three prominent object oriented programming professionals, Gray Booch,
| |
− | Ivar Jacobsen, and James Rumbaugh are the principle authors of UML. UML
| |
− | establishes a collection of graphical symbols as well as semantics to support
| |
− | and define these symbols. There are nine different kinds of diagrams in UML:
| |
− | class, object, use case, sequence, collaboration, state chart, activity,
| |
− | component, and deployment [5]. UML was developed and is being maintained by
| |
− | OMG. The current version - UML 2.4.1 was released in 2011. The main objective
| |
− | of UML is “ to provide system architects, software engineers, and software
| |
− | developers with tools for</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span></i>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection20>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>analysis,
| |
− | design, and implementation of software-based systems as well as for modeling
| |
− | business and similar processes” [6]. In this paper we present UML Activity
| |
− | Diagram And UML Use-Case Diagram For Sales Process Modeling. The work presented
| |
− | in this paper is a development of a previous work which presented in the
| |
− | previous studies mentioned in the list of references which are : [3] and [4].
| |
− | The representation performed are: develop a model of the sales process by
| |
− | providing Depository service during Sales Processes. And create a model for the
| |
− | management of warehouse Depository with the possibility of withdrawal of
| |
− | quantities sold to the customer on parts until the end of the customer's
| |
− | balance of quantities in the warehouse Depository.”</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Jenis-jenis
| |
− | Diagram UML</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:31.55pt;line-height:
| |
− | 194%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:194%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut
| |
− | Rochman dan Yanti (2016:39), Diagram UML mempunyai beberapa jenis, diantaranya:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:109.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Use case </span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Diagram</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Use
| |
− | Case </span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>atau diagram<i> Use Case </i>merupakan pemodelan
| |
− | untuk<i> </i>kelakuan (<i>behavior</i>) sistem informasi yang akan dibuat. <i>Use
| |
− | case</i> mendeskripsikan sebuah interaksi antara satu atau lebih <i>actor</i>
| |
− | dengan sistem informasi yang akan dibuat. Secara kasar, <i>use case</i>
| |
− | digunakan untuk mengetahui fungsi apa saja yang ada didalam sebuah sistem
| |
− | informasi dan siapa saja yang berhak menggunakan fungsi-fungsi itu.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.2pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:109.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Activity </span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Diagram</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <b> </b>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection21>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Diagram
| |
− | aktivitas atau <i>activity</i> diagram menggambarkan <i>workflow</i> (aliran
| |
− | kerja) atau aktivitas dari sebuah sistem atau proses bisnis atau menu yang ada
| |
− | pada perangkat lunak. Yang perlu diperhatikan disini adalah bahwa diagram
| |
− | aktivitas menggambarkan aktivitas sistem bukan apa yang dilakukan <i>actor</i>,
| |
− | jadi aktivitas yang dapat dilakukan oleh sistem.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:109.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sequence </span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Diagram</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Diagram
| |
− | sekuen menggambarkan kelakuan objek pada <i>use case</i> dengan mendeskipsikan
| |
− | waktu hidup objek dan <i>massage</i> yang dikirimkan dan diterima antar objek.
| |
− | Oleh karena itu untuk menggambar diagram sekuen maka harus diketahui
| |
− | objek-objek yang terlibat didalam sebuah use case beserta metode-metode yang
| |
− | dimiliki kelas diinstansi menjadi objek itu. Membuat diagram sekuen juga
| |
− | dibutuhkan untuk membuat sekenario yang ada pada <i>use case</i>”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:4.05pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.2. Konsep Dasar WEB (<i>World Wide
| |
− | Web</i>)</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.4pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi WEB</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.75pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Abdullah (2015:1), “Web dapat diartikan
| |
− | sekumpulan halaman yang terdiri dari beberapa laman yang berisi informasi dalam
| |
− | bentuk data digital baik berupa text, gambar, video, audio, dan animasi lainnya
| |
− | yang disediakan melalui jalur koneksi internet”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:4.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Bekti (2015:35), “Website merupakan
| |
− | kumpulan halaman-halaman yang digunakan untuk menampilkan informasi teks,
| |
− | gambar diam atau gerak, animasi, suara, dan atau gabungan dari semuanya, baik
| |
− | yang</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection22>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>bersifat
| |
− | statis maupun dinamis yang membentuk satu rangkaian bangunan yang saling
| |
− | terkait, yang masingmasing masing dihubungkan dengan jaringan-jaringan
| |
− | halaman”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:4.65pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Untung Rahardja, dkk dalan
| |
− | jurnal CCIT Vol.9 No.1 (2015), ditinjau dari aspek content atau isi, <i>web</i>
| |
− | dapat dibagi menjadi 2 jenis, yaitu <i>web statis</i> dan <i>web dinamis</i>.
| |
− | Selain dari sisi <i>content</i> atau isi, <i>web statis </i>dan<i> web dinamis </i>dapat
| |
− | dilihat dari aspek teknologi yang<i> </i>digunakan untuk membuat jenis <i>web</i>
| |
− | tersebut. Adapun jenis-jenis <i>web</i> : <i>Web statis </i>adalah<i> web </i>yang
| |
− | isinya atau<i> content </i>tidak dapat berubah-ubah.<i> </i>Maksudnya adalah
| |
− | isi dari dokumen <i>web</i> tersebut tidak dapat diubah secara cepat dan mudah.
| |
− | Ini karena teknologi yang digunakan untuk membuat dokumen web ini tidak
| |
− | memungkinkan dilakukan perubahan isi atau data. Teknologi yang digunakan untuk
| |
− | web statis adalah jenis <i>client</i> <i>side scripting </i>seperti HTML,<i>
| |
− | Cascading Style Sheet </i>(CSS). Perubahan isi<i> </i>atau data halaman web
| |
− | statis hanya dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengubah langsung isinya pada file
| |
− | mentah web tersebut. <i>Web dinamis</i> adalah jenis <i>web</i> yang <i>content</i>
| |
− | atau isinya dapat berubah-ubah setiap saat. <i>Web </i>yang banyak menampilkan
| |
− | animasi flash belum tentu termasuk web<i> </i>dinamis karena dinamis atau
| |
− | berubah-ubah isinya tidak sama dengan animasi. Untuk melakukan perubahan data, <i>user</i>
| |
− | cukup mengubahnya langsung secara <i>online</i> di internet melalui halaman
| |
− | yang biasanya telah disediakan untuk <i>user administrator</i> sepanjang <i>user</i>
| |
− | tersebut memiliki hak akses yang sesuai.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection23>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Jenis - jenis
| |
− | Website</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.75pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Selain dari sisi konten atau isi, web
| |
− | statis dan web dinamis dapat dilihat dari aspek teknologi yang digunakan untuk
| |
− | membuat jenis web tersebut. Adapun jenis-jenis web :</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:7.05pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Web
| |
− | statis adalah web yang isinya atau konten tidak berubah-ubah. Maksudnya adalah
| |
− | isi dari dokumen web tersebut tidak dapat diubah secara cepat dan mudah. Ini
| |
− | karena teknologi yang digunakan untuk membuat dokumen web ini tidak
| |
− | memungkinkan dilakukan perubahan isi atau data. Teknologi yang digunakan untuk
| |
− | web statis adalah jenis client side scripting seperti HTML, Cascading Style
| |
− | Sheet (CSS). Perubahan isi atau data halaman web statis hanya dapat dilakukan
| |
− | dengan cara mengubah langsung isinya pada file mentah web tersebut.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:6.95pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Web
| |
− | dinamis adalah jenis web yang konten atau isinya dapat berubah-ubah setiap
| |
− | saat. Web yang banyak menampilkan animasi flash belum tentu termasuk web
| |
− | dinamis karena dinamis atau berubah-ubah isinya tidak sama dengan animasi.
| |
− | Untuk melakukan perubahan data, user cukup mengubahnya langsung secara online
| |
− | di Internet melalui halaman control panel atau administrasi yang biasanya telah
| |
− | disediakan untuk user administrator sepanjang user tersebut memiliki hak akses
| |
− | yang sesuai.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection24>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.3. Konsep Dasar PHP</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.4pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1. Definisi PHP</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Arief dalam Iqbal dkk (2017:2), PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) adalah bahasa server-side
| |
− | scripting yang menyatu dengan HTML untuk membuat halaman web yang
| |
− | dinamis.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.4pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Supono</span><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>dan Putratama (2016:3) mengemukakan bahwa</span><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>”PHP (PHP: <i>Hypertext Preprocessor</i>) adalah suatu
| |
− | bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan untuk menerjemahkan baris kode program
| |
− | menjadi kode mesin yang dapat dimengerti oleh komputer yang berbasis
| |
− | server-side yang dapat ditambahkan ke dalam HTML”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:4.55pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Solichin (2016:11)
| |
− | mengemukakan bahwa “PHP merupakan salah satu bahasa pemrograman berbasis web
| |
− | yang ditulis oleh dan untuk pengembang web”. </span><span style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>PHP merupakan
| |
− | bahasa (<i>script</i>) pemrograman yang sering digunakan pada sisi server sebuah
| |
− | web.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:4.65pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Muhammad Bello Aliyu, dkk dalam <i>International
| |
− | Journal</i> <i>of Engineering Science Invention </i>(Vol. 6 Issue 9, September
| |
− | 2017),<i> PHP which is known as Hypertext preprocessor is a scripting language
| |
− | initially designed for the web. PHP was just starting its emergence as more
| |
− | than a niche scripting language for hobbyists. That was the time of PHP 4 and
| |
− | the first Zend Engine had made PHP faster and more stable. PHP deployment was
| |
− | also increasing exponentially, but it was still a hard sell to use PHP for
| |
− | large commercial web sites. This difficulty originated mainly from two sources:
| |
− | Firstly, Perl/ColdFusion/other-scripting-language developers who refused to
| |
− | update their understanding of PHP’s</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span></i>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection25>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>capabilities
| |
− | from when it was still a nascent language. Secondly, Java developers who wanted
| |
− | large and complete frameworks, robust object oriented support, static typing, and
| |
− | other “enterprise” features.</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:4.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.4. Konsep Dasar MySQL</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.4pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1. Definisi MySQL</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.75pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Raharjo dalam Ulfa dan Fikri
| |
− | (2015:21), “MySQL adalah sebuah perangkat yang berperan sebagai server
| |
− | database, yang selanjutnya akan digunakan untuk mempelajari kode-kode PHP yang
| |
− | berkaitan atau membutuhkan akses ke server database”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.05pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.</span></b><span style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span style='font-size:11.5pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Perintah Dasar Definisi MySQL</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Perintah SQL dibagi dalam 2 kategori
| |
− | besar sesuai fungsinya, yaitu :</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.45pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>DDL
| |
− | - Data Definition Language merupakan kumpulan perintah SQL yang digunakan untuk
| |
− | membuat, mengubah dan menghapus struktur dan definisi data dari objek-objek
| |
− | database.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:7.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>DML
| |
− | - Data Manipulation Language merupakan kumpulan perintah SQL yang digunakan
| |
− | untuk proses pengolahan isi data di dalam table seperti memasukan, merubah dan
| |
− | menghapus isi data – dan tidak terkait dengan perubahan struktur dan definisi
| |
− | tife data dari objek database.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection26>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.5. Konsep Elisitasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1. Definisi Elisitasi</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 20.65pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Bachtiar dan Atikah (2015:74),
| |
− | Elisitas berisi usulan rancangan sistem baru yang diinginkan oleh pihak
| |
− | manajemen terkait dan disanggupi oleh penulis untuk dieksekusi. Elisitasi
| |
− | dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu sebagai berikut:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:98.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-17.95pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Elisitasi
| |
− | Tahap I Berisi seluruh rancangan sistem baru yang diusulkan oleh pihak
| |
− | manajemen terkait melalui proses wawancara.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.25pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:98.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.95pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Elisitasi Tahap II Merupakan hasil
| |
− | pengklasifikasian dari elisitasi tahap I berdasarkan metode MDI. Metode MDI ini
| |
− | bertujuan untuk memisahkan antara rancangan sistem yang penting dan harus ada
| |
− | pada sistem baru dengan rancangan yang disanggupi oleh penulis untuk
| |
− | dieksekusi.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.75pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -13.75pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>“M”
| |
− | pada MDI itu artinya <i>Mandatory</i> (penting). Maksudnya requirement tersebut
| |
− | harus ada dan tidak boleh dihilangkan pada saat membuat sistem baru.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -13.75pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>“D” pada MDI itu artinya <i>Desirable</i>.
| |
− | </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Maksudnya
| |
− | requirement tersebut tidak terlalu penting dan boleh dihilangkan. Tetapi jika
| |
− | requirement tersebut digunakan dalam pembuatan sistem, akan membuat sistem
| |
− | tersebut lebih sempurna.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -13.75pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>“I”
| |
− | pada MDI itu artinya <i>Inessential</i>. Maksudnya bahwa requirement tersebut
| |
− | bukanlah bagian dari sistem yang dibahas dan merupakan bagian dari luar sistem.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection27>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:98.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.7pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>c.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Elisitasi Tahap III Merupakan hasil
| |
− | penyusutan dari elisitasi tahap II dengan cara mengeliminasi semua requirement
| |
− | yang optionnya I pada metode MDI. Selanjutnya semua requirement yang tersisa
| |
− | diklasifikasikan kembali melalui metode TOE, yaitu sebagai berikut:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.9pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-13.75pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>T
| |
− | artinya <i>Technical</i>, maksudnya bagaimana tata cara atau teknik pembuatan
| |
− | requirement tersebut dalam sistem yang diusulkan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.25pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -13.75pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>O
| |
− | artinya <i>Operational</i>, maksudnya bagaimana tata cara penggunaan
| |
− | requirement tersebut dalam sistem yang akan dikembangkan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-13.75pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>E
| |
− | artinya <i>Economy</i>, maksudnya berapakah biaya yang diperlukan guna
| |
− | membangun requirement tersebut didalam sistem.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Metode TOE tersebut dibagi kembali menjadi
| |
− | beberapa option, yaitu:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -13.75pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>High </span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>(H) : Sulit untuk
| |
− | dikerjakan, karena tehnik pembuatan dan<i> </i>pemakaiannya sulit serta
| |
− | biayanya mahal, sehingga requirement tersebut harus dieliminasi.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-13.75pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Middle </span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>(M) : Mampu
| |
− | untuk dikerjakan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-13.75pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Low </span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>(L) : Mudah
| |
− | untuk dikerjakan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:98.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.95pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>d.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Final
| |
− | Draft Elisitasi Merupakan hasil akhir yang dicapai dari suatu proses elisitasi
| |
− | yang dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pembuatan suatu sistem yang akan
| |
− | dikembangkan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection28>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.6.</span></b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsep
| |
− | Dasar Analisa SWOT</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1. Analisa
| |
− | SWOT</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Irfan Fahmi (2015:252),
| |
− | ”SWOT adalah singkatan dari <i>strengths</i> (kekuatan), <i>weaknesses</i>
| |
− | (kelemahan), <i>opportunities</i> (peluang ), dan <i>threats</i> (ancaman),
| |
− | dimana SWOT ini dijadikan sebagai suatu model dalam menganalisis suatu
| |
− | organisasi yang berorientasi profit dengan tujuan utama untuk mengetahui
| |
− | keadaan organisasi tersebut secara lebih komperhensif”</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.1pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kekuatan (<i>strenghts</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Keuatan
| |
− | adalah sumber daya, keterampilan atau keunggulan lain yang relatif terhadap
| |
− | pesaing dan kebutuhan dari pasar suatu perusahaan layani atau hendak layani.
| |
− | Kekuatan merupaka suatu kompetensi yang berbeda (destintive competence) yang
| |
− | memberi perusahaan suatu keunggulan komparatif (<i>comparative advantage</i>)
| |
− | dalam pasar. Kekuatan berkaitan dengan sumber daya, keuangan, citra,
| |
− | kepemimpinan pasar hubungan pembeli atau pemasok dan faktor-faktor lain.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.2pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kelemahan (<i>Weakness</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kelemahan
| |
− | merupakan keterbatasan atau kekurangan dalam sumber daya, keterampilan dan
| |
− | kemampuan secara serius menghalangi kinerja efektif suatu perusahaan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Peluang (<i>Opportunities</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Suatu peluang merupakan situasi utama yang
| |
− | menguntungkan dalam lingkungan perusahaan kecenderungan-kecenderungan utama ini adalah salah satu peluang identifikasi dari segmen
| |
− | pasar pasar yang sebelumnya terlewatkan perubahan-perubahan dalam kedaan
| |
− | bersaing atau peraturan, hubungan pembeli, perubahan teknologi dan hubungan
| |
− | pembeli dan pemasok yang telah diperbaiki dapat menunjukan peluang bagi
| |
− | perusahaan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.25pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Ancaman (<i>Threaths</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Ancaman adalah rintangan-rintangan utama bagi posisi
| |
− | sekarang atau yang diinginkan bagi perusahaan. Masuknya pesaing baru,
| |
− | pertumbuhan pasar yang lambat, daya tawar pembeli dan pemasok utama yang
| |
− | meningkat, perubahan teknologi, dan peraturan yang baru atau yang direvisi
| |
− | dapat merupakan ancaman bagi keberhasilan suatu perusahaan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:17.85pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.7.Konsep Web Server</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:9.1pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.Definisi Web Server</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:7.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:186%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:186%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Siregar dalam Sutopo, dkk
| |
− | (2016:25)</span><sup><span style='font-size:16.0pt;line-height:186%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>,</span></sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | line-height:186%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> “Web server adalah
| |
− | sebuah bentuk server yang khusus digunakan untuk menyimpan halaman website atau
| |
− | homepage. Komputer dapat dikatakan web server jika komputer tersebut memiliki
| |
− | suatu program server yang disebut Personal Web Server (PWS)”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:19.85pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2. Definisi Database</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Dan Michael A. Cortez, dkk,
| |
− | dalam International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies
| |
− | (IJCSIT) Vol.6 (2) (2015:1143), <i>“A database is a collection of information
| |
− | that is organized</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
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− |
| |
− | <i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
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− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
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− | </span></i>
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− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection30>
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− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>so
| |
− | that it can easily be retrieved, managed, and updated. In one view, databases
| |
− | can be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text,
| |
− | numeric, and images”.</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Warnars (dalam Jurnal CCIT Vol.8
| |
− | No.1, 2014:84) juga menyatakan bahwa database baik dalam bentuk database
| |
− | terstruktur dan tidak terstruktur dibutuhkan sebagai tempat penyimpanan tetap
| |
− | untuk merekam kegiatan proses transaksi bisnis.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.2pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.8.</span></b><span style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span style='font-size:11.5pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsep XAMPP</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1. Definisi XAMPP</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>Menurut Betha Sidik
| |
− | (2018:6), XAMPP kependekan dari X Apache MySQL PHP and Perl, X mewakili sistem
| |
− | operasi, A untuk Apache adalah server web, M untuk MySQL atau MariDB adalah
| |
− | server database, P yang pertama untuk PHP adalah bahasa pemrograman untuk
| |
− | pembuatan aplikasi, dan P yang kedua untuk Perl adalah bahasa pemrograman untuk
| |
− | pembuatan aplikasi juga. X menyatakan bahwa paket ini bisa untuk Windows
| |
− | ataupun Linux.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.1pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Palit, dkk (2015:3), XAMPP
| |
− | adalah perangkat lunak bebas, yang mendukung banyak sistem operasi, merupakan
| |
− | kompilasi dari beberapa program. Fungsinya adalah sebagai server yang berdiri
| |
− | sendiri (localhost), yang terdiri atas program Apache HTTP Server, MySQL
| |
− | database, dan penerjemah bahasa yang ditulis dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan
| |
− | Perl. </span><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Nama XAMPP merupakan singkatan dari X
| |
− | (empat sistem operasi apapun), Apache, MySQL, PHP dan Perl. Program</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection31>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>ini tersedia dalam GNU General Public License dan
| |
− | bebas, merupakan web server yang mudah digunakan yang dapat melayani tampilan
| |
− | halaman web yang dinamis. Untuk “blueprint” software sebelum coding dimulai.
| |
− | Desain harus dapat mengimplementasikan kebutuhan yang telah disebutkan pada
| |
− | tahap sebelumnya. Seperti 2 aktivitas sebelumnya, maka proses ini juga harus
| |
− | didokumentasikan sebagai konfigurasi dari software.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.0pt'><span style='position:absolute;
| |
− | z-index:251659261;margin-left:225px;margin-top:1px;width:237px;height:212px'><img
| |
− | width=237 height=212 src="BAB%20II_files/image001.jpg"></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.75pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:208.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Gambar 2.1. XAMPP</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:78.0pt;line-height:98%'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:98%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sumber
| |
− | : <u><span style='color:blue'>http://www.maniacms.web.id/2012/01/pengertian-xampp.html</span></u></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.</span></b><span style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span style='font-size:11.5pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsep XAMPP</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 35.4pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Poonam Kumari dan Dr. Mahesh
| |
− | Yadav dalam <i>International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology</i>
| |
− | <i>Research </i>(IJSETR) Volume 4, Issue 6, June 2015, XAMPP memiliki 4<i> </i>(empat)
| |
− | komponen utama, yaitu :</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Apache,
| |
− | <i>web server online</i> yang paling populer dengan penggunaan hampir 54% dari
| |
− | seluruh situs. Apache adalah aplikasi <i>web</i> <i>server </i>yang memproses
| |
− | dan memberikan konten web ke komputer.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.05pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-17.6pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>MySQl,
| |
− | merupakan aplikasi <i>open source</i> yang menyediakan sistem pengaturan <i>database</i>.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection32>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>PHP,
| |
− | adalah bahasa <i>script</i> di sisi <i>server</i> yang banyak dipakai beberapa
| |
− | situs paling popoler di dunia, termasuk <i>WordPress</i> dan <i>Facebook</i>.
| |
− | PHP banyak digunakan oleh para pengembang aplikasi karena merupakan <i>open
| |
− | source</i> dan mudah dipelejari.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.9pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Perl,
| |
− | Perl adalah bahasa pemrograman tingkat tinggi yang dinamis yang digunakan
| |
− | secara luas dalam pemrograman jaringan, sistem admin, dan lain-lain.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.5pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.9. Konsep
| |
− | Dasar Notepad++</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1. Definisi
| |
− | Notepad++</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Notepad++ adalah program aplikasi
| |
− | pengembang yang berguna untuk mengedit teks dan skrip kode pemrograman. Versi
| |
− | terbaru program ini adalah Notepad++ v5.9, yang dirilis pada tanggal 06 April
| |
− | 2012. Software Notepad++ dibuat dan dikembangkan oleh Tim Notepad++. Perangkat
| |
− | lunak komputer ini memiliki kelebihan pada peningkatan kemampuan sebuah program
| |
− | text editor, lebih dari sekedar program Notepad bawaan Windows. Notepad++ bisa
| |
− | mengenal tag dan kode dalam berbagai bahasa pemrograman. Fitur pencarian
| |
− | tingkat lanjut dan pengeditan teks yang tersedia juga cukup ampuh, sangat membantu
| |
− | tugas seorang programmer atau developer dalam menyelesaikan skrip kode
| |
− | programnya. Program Notepad++ banyak diaplikasikan dan digunakan oleh kalangan
| |
− | pengguna komputer di bidang pemrograman aplikasi desktop dan web. Notepad++
| |
− | merupakan software gratis (<i>opensource</i>). Notepad++ dapat dijalankan di
| |
− | sistem operasi Win2K, Windows XP, Vista, dan Windows 7.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection33>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.0pt'><span style='position:absolute;
| |
− | z-index:251660285;margin-left:180px;margin-top:48px;width:345px;height:374px'><img
| |
− | width=345 height=374 src="BAB%20II_files/image002.jpg"></span></p>
| |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:188.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Gambar 2.2. Logo Notepad++</span></b></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:122.0pt;line-height:97%'><span
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− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:97%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sumber
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− | : </span><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad%2B%2B"><span
| |
− | style='font-size:10.5pt;line-height:97%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
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− | color:blue'>https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad%2B%2B</span></a></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.10. Konsep Dasar Bootstrap</span></b></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.</span></b><span style='font-family:
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− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span style='font-size:11.5pt;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi Bootstrap</span></b></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
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− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
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− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Snig Bhaumik dalam Rahardja, dkk
| |
− | (2016:62), <i>Bootstrap</i> <i>is a frontend framework for faster and easier
| |
− | web development in the new standard of the mobilefirst philosophy. It uses
| |
− | HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. In August 2010, Twitter released Bootstrap as open
| |
− | source</i>.<i> </i>Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Bootstrap merupakan produk Twitter
| |
− | yang digunakan sebagai frontend framework yang menggunakan HTML, CSS, dan
| |
− | JavaScript sebagai fondasinya.</span></p>
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− |
| |
− | </div>
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− |
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− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
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− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
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− | </span>
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− |
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− | <div class=WordSection34>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.55pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.</span></b><span style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span style='font-size:11.5pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi HTML</span></b></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:12.3pt;margin-bottom:
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− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Sidik dalam Pramatasari dan
| |
− | Bambang (2017:327-328), HTML (<i>Hypertext Markup Language</i>) yaitu salah
| |
− | satu bahasa scripting yang dapat menghasilkan halaman website sehingga halaman
| |
− | tersebut dapat diakses pada setiap komputer pengakses (<i>client</i>). Dokumen
| |
− | HTML merupakan dokumen yang disajikan dalam <i>browser web surfer</i>. </span><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dokumen
| |
− | ini umumnya berisi informasi ataupun interface aplikasi dalam internet.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.3pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:59.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3. Definisi
| |
− | CSS</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Suyanto dalam Pramatasari
| |
− | dan Bambang (2017:328), CSS (<i>Cascading Style Sheets</i>) banyak digunakan
| |
− | untuk memperluas kemampuan HTML dalam memformat dokumen web atau untuk
| |
− | mempercantik tampilan bahkan untuk memposisikan dan layouting halaman web. </span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dengan
| |
− | mendefinisikan suatu style sekali saja maka style itu akan digunakan berulang
| |
− | kali.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.2pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>4.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi <i>Javascript</i></span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Suryana, dkk dalam Pramatasari
| |
− | dan Bambang (2017:327), <i>JavaScript</i> adalah bahasa script berdasar pada
| |
− | objek yang memperbolehkan pemakai untuk mengendalikan banyak aspek interaksi
| |
− | pemakai pada suatu dokumen HTML. Objek tersebut dapat berupa suatu windows,
| |
− | frame, URL, dokumen, form, button, atau item yang lain. Terdapat dua piranti
| |
− | yang diperlukan dalam JavaSricpt yaitu browser dan</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection35>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:195%'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>texteditor.
| |
− | Text editor adalah sebuah pengolah kata (<i>word processor</i>) yang
| |
− | menghasilkan file dalam format ASCII murni.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.5pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.11. Konsep Dasar Black Box Testing</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi <i>Black
| |
− | Box Testing</i></span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Khan dalam Mustaqbal, dkk
| |
− | (2015:33) “<i>Black-Box</i> <i>Testing </i>merupakan pengujian yang berfokus
| |
− | pada spesifikasi fungsional<i> </i>dari perangkat lunak, tester dapat
| |
− | mendefinisikan kumpulan kondisi input dan melakukan pengetesan pada spesifikasi
| |
− | fungsional program”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut Manish Kumar dkk, dalam
| |
− | International Journal of Advamce Research in <i>Computer Science and Management
| |
− | Studies</i> (ISSN: 2321-7782) Volume 3, Issue 10, October 2015, “<i>Blackbox
| |
− | testing</i> adalah pengujian tanpa pengetahuan tentang kerja internal dari
| |
− | aplikasi yang diuji (AUT). Dikenal juga sebagai pengujian fungsional atau <i>input</i>
| |
− | <i>output </i>berbasis pengujian”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.2pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Metode <i>Black
| |
− | Box Testing</i></span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:35.4pt;line-height:
| |
− | 195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut
| |
− | Mustaqbal (2015:34), Saat ini terdapat banyak metode atau teknik untuk
| |
− | melaksanakan <i>Black Box Testing</i>, antara lain:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.7pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Equivalence
| |
− | Partitioning</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Boundary Value
| |
− | Analysis/Limit Testing</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>c.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Comparison
| |
− | Testing</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>d.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Sample Testing</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>e.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Robustness Testing</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <i> </i>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection36>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>f.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span></i><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Behavior
| |
− | Testing</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>g.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Requirement
| |
− | Testing</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>h.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></i><i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Performance
| |
− | Testing</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>i.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Uji
| |
− | Ketahanan (<i>Endurance Testing</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-18.2pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>j.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Uji
| |
− | Sebab-Akibat (<i>Cause-Effect Relationship Testing</i>)</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:11.65pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.2.12. Konsep Dasar <i>Literature
| |
− | Review</i></span></b></p>
| |
− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.85pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:77.0pt;text-indent:-22.0pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span></b><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Definisi
| |
− | Kajian Pustaka (<i>Literature Review</i>)</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:82.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kajian
| |
− | pustaka (<i>literature review</i>) adalah ringkasan tertulis mengenai artikel
| |
− | dari jurnal, buku, dan dokumen lain yang mendekripsikan teori serta informasi
| |
− | baik masa lalu maupun saat ini, mengorganisasikan pustaka ke dalam topik dan
| |
− | dokumen yang dibutuhkan untuk proposal penelitian. Dalam penelitian pendidikan,
| |
− | peneliti biasanya mementingkan kajian pustaka yang diambil dari artikel pada
| |
− | jurnal. Namun demikian, peneliti juga membutuhkan informasi lain yang diambil
| |
− | dari makalah konferensi, buku, dan dokumen pemerintah.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.5pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt;text-indent:-17.6pt'><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Manfaat
| |
− | Literature Review</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:195%'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menurut
| |
− | Sudaryono (2011:87), manfaat <i>Literature Review</i> sebagai berikut:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:109.0pt;text-indent:-13.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Mengidentifikasikan
| |
− | kesenjangan (<i>identify gaps</i>) dari penelitian ini.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -13.6pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Menghindari
| |
− | membuat ulang (<i>reinventing the wheel</i>) sehingga banyak menghemat waktu
| |
− | dan juga menghindari kesalahan-kesalahan yang pernah dilakukan oleh orang lain.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection37>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -13.5pt;line-height:195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>c. Mengidentifikasikan</span><span
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>metode yang
| |
− | pernah dilakukan dan yang relevant terhadap penelitian ini.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -13.5pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>d. Meneruskan</span><span
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>apa yang
| |
− | penelitian sebelumnya telah dicapai sehingga dengan adanya studi pustaka ini,
| |
− | penelitian yang akan dilakukan dapat membangun diatas platform dari pengetahuan
| |
− | atau ide yang sudah ada.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -8.95pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>e. Untuk mengetahui orang lain yang
| |
− | spesialis dan mengerjakan di area penelitian yang sama, sehingga dapat
| |
− | terjaring dalam komunitas yang dapat memberi kontribusi sumber daya yang
| |
− | berharga.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:18.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:224.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-17.6pt;line-height:
| |
− | 193%'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:193%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></b><b><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:193%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Jenis-jenis
| |
− | Penelitian </span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:193%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Jenis-jenis penelitian yaitu:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.75pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:109.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Jenis-jenis
| |
− | penelitian berdasarkan fungsinya</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:195%'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Secara
| |
− | umum penelitian mempunyai dua fungsi utama, yaitu mengembangkan ilmu
| |
− | pengetahuan dan memperbaiki praktik.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:109.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian Dasar</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:109.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | dasar <i>(basic research)</i> disebut pula penelitian murni <i>(pure research) </i>atau
| |
− | penelitian pokok<i> (fundamental resesarch). </i></span><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | ini diarahkan pada pengujian teori dengan hanya sedikit atau bahkan tanpa
| |
− | menghubungkan hasilnya untuk kepentingan praktik.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.25pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-22.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>c.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | Terapan</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection38>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | terapan <i>(applied research)</i> berkenaan dengan kenyataan-kenyataan praktis,
| |
− | yaitu penerapan dan pengembangan pengetahuan yang dihasilkan oleh penelitian
| |
− | dasar dalam kehidupan nyata.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:113.0pt;text-indent:-22.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>d.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | Evaluasi</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:113.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | evaluasi <i>(evaluation research)</i> fokus pada suatu kegiatan dalam unit <i>(site)</i>
| |
− | tertentu. Kegiatan tersebut dapat berbentuk program, proses, atau pun hasil
| |
− | kerja, sedangkan unit dapat berupa tempat, organisasi, atau pun lembaga.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.3pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:127.0pt;text-indent:-13.6pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Jenis-jenis
| |
− | Penelitian Berdasarkan Tujuannya</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:127.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:195%'><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Selain
| |
− | berdasarkan pendekatan dan fungsinya, penelitian dapat pula dibedakan
| |
− | berdasarkan tujuannya yaitu:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:141.0pt;text-indent:-14.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>a.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | Deskriptif</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.3pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:140.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:195%'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | deskriptif (<i>descriptive research</i>), bertujuan mendeskripsikan suatu
| |
− | keadaan atau fenomena apa adanya.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:145.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>b.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penilaian
| |
− | Prediktif</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:145.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penilaian
| |
− | prediktif <i>(predictive research</i>), studi ini bertujuan memprediksi atau
| |
− | memperkirakan apa yang akan terjadi atau berlangsung pada waktu mendatang
| |
− | berdasarkan hasil analisis keadaan saat ini.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.3pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:149.0pt;text-indent:-22.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>c.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | Improftif</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:149.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | improftif <i>(improvetive research)</i> bertujuan memperbaiki meningkatan, atau
| |
− | menyempurnakan keadaan, kegiatan, atau pelaksanaan suatu program.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection39>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
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− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.3pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:149.0pt;text-indent:-22.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>d.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | Eksplanatif</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:149.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | eksplanatif dilakukan ketika belum ada atau belum banyak penelitian dilakukan
| |
− | terhadap masalah yang bersangkutan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:149.0pt;text-indent:-22.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>e.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | Eksperimen</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:149.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 197%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian eksperimen merupakan satu-satunya metode
| |
− | penelitian yang benar-benar dapat menguji hipotesis mengenai hubungan sebab
| |
− | akibat.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.45pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:151.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>f.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | <i>Ex Post Facto</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:154.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><i><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Ex post facto </span></i><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>berarti
| |
− | setelah kejadian. Secara sederhana,<i> </i>dalam penelitian ex post facto,
| |
− | peneliti menyelidiki permasalahan dengan mempelajari atau meninjau
| |
− | variabel-variabel.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.2pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:149.0pt;text-indent:-22.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>g.<span
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− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | Partisipasi</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:149.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Bonnie
| |
− | J. Cain penulis buku <i>Participation Research:</i> <i>Research with Historical
| |
− | Consciousness, </i>mengatakan<i> </i>bahwa definisi yang semakin luas tentang
| |
− | penelitian partisipatori berada dalam istilah yang berciri negatif serta dalam
| |
− | tindakan atau praktik yang ingin kita hindari atau atasi.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.1pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:149.0pt;text-indent:-22.0pt'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>h.<span
| |
− | style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | dan Pengembangan</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:148.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:195%'><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Metode
| |
− | penelitian dan pengembangan atau dalam istilah bahasa inggrisnya <i>research
| |
− | and development</i> adalah metode</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection40>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:148.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:195%'><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>penelitian
| |
− | yang bertujuan menghasilkan produk tertentu serta menguji efektivitas produk
| |
− | tersebut.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:10.0pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.4pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.3. Literature
| |
− | Review</span></b></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.15pt'><span lang=ES-MX
| |
− | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:77.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | 36.0pt;line-height:198%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:
| |
− | 198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Dalam upaya menerapkan metode
| |
− | penelitian ini, maka peneliti menarik beberapa sumber penelitian dalam bentuk
| |
− | karya ilmiah atau jurnal yang relevan dengan pembahasan, 5 jurnal nasional dan
| |
− | 5 jurnal internasional diantaranya:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Imasita,
| |
− | Andi Gunawan dan Hirman dalam jurnal sinsmat, September 2015, Halaman 196-204
| |
− | yang berjudul “Pengembangan Model</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Pengelolaan (Surat) dan Dokumen
| |
− | Pemerintah Berbasis Web pada</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kantor
| |
− | Pemerintah Kabupaten Sidrap Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan”, berupa: Pengembangan
| |
− | produk model pengelolaan arsip yang dapat membantu dalam penyajian arsip
| |
− | (surat) dan dokumen dengan cepat, tepat dan dapat diakses secara online oleh
| |
− | semua pegawai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall, Kelebihan dari
| |
− | sistem ini adalah menyiapkan buku agenda secara on line, memudahkan penemuan
| |
− | fisik arsip dengan cara cepat dan tepat, pencarian arsip dapat dilakukan
| |
− | berdasarkan asal surat, tanggal surat, tanggal terima/kirim, perihal surat, isi
| |
− | ringkas surat dan lain-lain, fisik arsip dapat ditemukan secara on line,
| |
− | program ini menyiapkan menu print untuk mencetak arsip tersebut, sedangkan
| |
− | kekurangannya dalam sistem ini masih memiliki kekurangan yaitu rentan kebocoran
| |
− | data terhadap sistem yang berbasis <i>online</i>.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection41>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Fauzan
| |
− | Masykur dan Ibnu Makruf Pandu Atmaja dalam <i>Indonesian</i> <i>Journal on
| |
− | Networking and Security, </i>Volume 4 No. 3<i> </i>–<i> </i>Juli 2015 yang<i> </i>berjudul
| |
− | “Sistem Administrasi Pengelolaan Arsip Surat Masuk Dan</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Surat
| |
− | Keluar Berbasis Web”, berupa: Pengelolaan memanfaatkan bahasa pemrograman PHP
| |
− | dan database MySql tersebut tidak lagi berupa hardcopy atau lembaran kertas
| |
− | namun sudah berupa file hasil dari pemindai atau scan dari surat yang asli.
| |
− | Arsip hasil scan akan disimpan dengan kode-kode tertentu untuk memudahkan dalam
| |
− | pencarian sehingga arsip yang masuk sudah beberapa tahun yang lalu tidak rusak
| |
− | dan mudah dicari. Kelebihan pada sistem ini adalah sistem yang dibangun sangat
| |
− | memudahkan pengolahan arsip surat masuk dan surat keluar, sehingga data lebih
| |
− | teratur dan tersimpan rapi, sedangkan kekurangannya pada sistem tersebut tidak
| |
− | dapat menampilkan <i>dashboard </i>untuk monitoring persentase surat masuk dan
| |
− | surat keluar.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.2pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | yang dilakukan oleh Khozin Yuliana, Ahmad Fathi Shofwan dan Koko Satria
| |
− | Nuryadin dalam jurnal CCIT Vol.2 No.2 – Agustus 2016 Penelitian ini berjudul
| |
− | “Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Inventarisasi Surat Masuk dan Surat
| |
− | Keluar Berbasis Web”.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.9pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Setiap
| |
− | instansi pasti ada surat masuk dan surat keluarnya yang merupakan sebuah hal
| |
− | yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bukti kegiatan pengeluaran atau pemasukan
| |
− | administrasi selama satu periode. Sistem inventarisasi surat masuk dan surat
| |
− | keluar adalah sistem tentang laporan yang dimiliki oleh setiap instansi yang
| |
− | biasanya terdiri dari bentuk usaha dari suatu instansi. Setiap instansi
| |
− | memiliki sistem surat</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection42>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>masuk
| |
− | dan surat keluar yang berbeda-beda, tergantung dengan sistem manajemen yang
| |
− | diterapkan oleh instansi tersebut. Sistem surat masuk dan surat keluar biasanya
| |
− | dilakukan dengan sistem manual. Dengan sistem yang terkomputerisasi akan dapat
| |
− | menjamin adanya waktu yang tetap untuk menghasilkan informasi serta dapat
| |
− | mengontrol mekanisme secara otomatis dengan penerapan kontrol yang baik dan
| |
− | tidak membutuhkan tempat yang luas untuk pengarsipan data karena sebagian besar
| |
− | data disimpan dalam database. Maka penulis melakukan analisis yang hasilnya
| |
− | digambarkan dalam <i>Unified</i> <i>Modeling Language </i>(UML) dengan
| |
− | menggunakan software visual<i> </i>paradigm 6.4. Proses pembuatan sistem dengan
| |
− | menggunakan software PHP dan database MySQL. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan
| |
− | dapat bermanfaat bagi pengguna terutama pada Direktorat Pencegahan Dan
| |
− | Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial Ditjen Pembinaan</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Hubungan Industrial dan Jaminan Sosial Tenaga Kerja</span><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:14.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>.</span><span
| |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>
| |
− | Kelebihan pada sistem yang dibangun sangat membantu dalam mengelola pencarian
| |
− | dan inventarisasi arsip surat masuk dan surat keluar, sehingga pekerjaan
| |
− | inventarisasi dapat dilakukan dengan mudah dan cepat, sedangkan kekurangan pada
| |
− | sistem ini yaitu tampilan sistem yang terlalu ramai, sehingga dalam mengelola
| |
− | sistem sedikit terganggu dengan warna tampilan.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.75pt'><span lang=ES-MX style='font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:197%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | yang dilakukan oleh M. Amiruddi Saddam dan Helmi Ilham dalam Jurnal CCIT Volume
| |
− | 1 – November 2017. Penelitian ini berjudul “Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Arsip
| |
− | Elektronik Pada PT.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection43>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Lotte
| |
− | Chemical Titan Nusantara” Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengembangkan sistem
| |
− | yang sudah ada untuk menunjang kelancaran kerja pada perusahaan dan untuk
| |
− | kenyamanan pengguna dan menyempurnakan alur sistem tersebut. Kelebihan : alur
| |
− | kerja sistem sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan perusahaan dan keamanan data yang
| |
− | terjamin, sedangkan kekurangannya adalah tampilan sistem sangat tidak <i>user
| |
− | friendly</i>.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.85pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:195%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:195%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penelitian
| |
− | yang dilakukan oleh Ary Budi Warsito dan Eka Yuliandini dalam Jurnal CCIT Vol.
| |
− | 7 No.2 – Juli 2017. Penelitian ini berjudul</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.65pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:95.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>“</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Penerapan Google Drive Sebagai
| |
− | Media Penyimpanan Bahan</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.4pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Perkuliahan
| |
− | Dalam Mendukung Aplikasi Mobile App”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
| |
− | mengoptimalkan <i>server</i> pada Perguruan Tinggi, peneliti menggunakan <i>Google</i>
| |
− | efisiensi penyimpanan bahan ajar pada Perguruan Tinggi, agar mempermudah
| |
− | mahasiswa mengakses bahan ajar, serta mengoptimalkan penyimpanan bahan ajar.
| |
− | Dengan adanya fasilitas Google Drive kita menghemat keterbatasan <i>hardisk</i>
| |
− | dan <i>bandwith</i>. Kelebihan pada sistem yang dibangun memiliki kelebihan<i> </i>yaitu
| |
− | sistem yang fleksibel sehingga mudah digunakan dimanapun dan kapanpun,
| |
− | sedangkan kekurangannya adalah dengan sistem yang berbasis <i>cloud</i>, maka
| |
− | dibutuhkan koneksi internet yang stabil, jika tidak, maka pekerjaan yang
| |
− | dilakukan akan terhambat.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:1.2pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:197%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>6.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:
| |
− | "Times New Roman","serif"'>Edo Pratama, Leon Andretti Abdillah and Susan Dian
| |
− | Purnamasari dalam Jurnal <i>International Conference on Information Technology
| |
− | and</i> <i>Engineering Application </i>(2015) yang berjudul “<i>Correspondence</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:197%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span></i>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection44>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Archival
| |
− | Information Systems In Bina Darma University</span></i><span style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>”, berupa:<i>
| |
− | Informatioan technology era support the growth of the organization in making
| |
− | every job done easyly, quickly, and accurately. Archive is a medium that is
| |
− | used by each institution, especially educational institutions such as
| |
− | foundations or university for storage, grouping, organization, control and
| |
− | maintenance of a variety of archival records in particular letter. Bina Darma
| |
− | University has 5 category archives. In order to solve some problems related to
| |
− | arcvhiving correspondence letters, authors develop correspondence archival
| |
− | information systems (CAIS) or electronic Archive (e-Archive). Reason and
| |
− | purpose of this research is to build information systems archives of more
| |
− | structured and computerized in order to speed up the search exist-ing data and
| |
− | making of incoming and outgoing mail and paperwork required. This study will
| |
− | use the method of First In First Serve (FIFS). The research results ob-tained
| |
− | is that the administration needed a system in search for existing archives and
| |
− | manufacture of incoming and outgoing mail and the mail archives report.</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>7.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Miguel
| |
− | Costa, Daniel Gomes and Mário J. Silva dalam <i>International</i> <i>Journal on
| |
− | Digital Libraries Vol.18, Issue 3, pp 191-205 </i>(2016) yang<i> </i>berjudul “<i>The
| |
− | evolution of web archiving</i>”, berupa: <i>Web archives</i> <i>preserve
| |
− | information published on the web or digitized from printed publications. Much
| |
− | of this information is unique and historically valuable. However, the lack of
| |
− | knowledge about the global status of web archiving initiatives hamper their
| |
− | improvement and collaboration.</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection45>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>To
| |
− | overcome this problem, we conducted two surveys, in 2010 and 2014, which
| |
− | provide a comprehensive characterization on web archiving initiatives and their
| |
− | evolution. We identified several patterns and trends that highlight challenges
| |
− | and opportunities. We discuss these patterns and trends that enable to define
| |
− | strategies, estimate resources and provide guidelines for research and
| |
− | development of better technology. Our results show that during the last years
| |
− | there was a significant growth in initiatives and countries hosting these
| |
− | initiatives, volume of data and number of contents preserved. While this
| |
− | indicates that the web archiving community is dedicating a growing effort on
| |
− | preserving digital information, other results presented throughout the paper
| |
− | raise concerns such as the small amount of archived data in comparison with the
| |
− | amount of data that is being published online</span></i><span style='font-size:
| |
− | 12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.75pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>8.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Mazen
| |
− | J. Al Shobaki, Samy S. Abu Naser, Mohammed Khair I. Kassab dalam <i>International
| |
− | Journal of Engineering and Infromation</i> <i>System </i>(IJEAIS) Vol. 1 Issue
| |
− | 2, April<i> </i>–<i> </i>2017<i> </i>yang berjudul “<i>The Reality of the
| |
− | Application of Electronic Document Management System in Governmental
| |
− | Institutions - an Empirical Study on the Palestinian Pension Agency</i>”,
| |
− | berupa:<i> The research aims to identify the status of the application of
| |
− | electronic document management system in governmental institutions – the study
| |
− | was applied on the Palestinian Pension Agency. The population of this study is
| |
− | composed of all employees in the Palestinian Pension Agency. In order to
| |
− | achieve the</i></span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection46>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:12.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>objectives
| |
− | of the study, the esearchers used the descriptive and analytical approach,
| |
− | through which try to describe the phenomenon of the subject of the study,
| |
− | analyze the data and the relationship between the components and the views put
| |
− | around it. Census method was used due to the small size of the study population
| |
− | and ease of access to the target group. (108) questionnaires were distributed
| |
− | to all members of the study population, were (65) employees in the Gaza Strip
| |
− | and (43) employees in the West Bank. All questionnaires were recovered. The
| |
− | study found the following results: There were no statistically significant
| |
− | differences in the members of the population in response to differences in the
| |
− | study about the reality of the application of electronic document management
| |
− | system in governmental institutions - case study on the Palestinian Pension
| |
− | Authority due to the age. There are no statistically significant differences in
| |
− | population members in response to the reality of the application of electronic
| |
− | document management system in governmental institutions - case Study on the
| |
− | Palestinian Pension Authority due to the variable nature of the job. As well as
| |
− | there are no statistically significant differences in the members of the
| |
− | population in response to the study about the reality of the application of
| |
− | electronic document management system in governmental institutions - case study
| |
− | on the Palestinian Pension Authority due to the variable of specialization.
| |
− | There are statistically significant differences in the study about the reality
| |
− | of the application of electronic document management system in governmental</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span></i>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection47>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>institutions
| |
− | - case study on the Palestinian Pension Authority due to Qualification variable
| |
− | for the benefit of members of the population study who are holding a Bachelor
| |
− | degree. There are statistically significant differences in the study about the
| |
− | reality of the application of electronic document management system in
| |
− | governmental institutions – case study on the Palestinian Pension Authority due
| |
− | to the variable number of years of experience for the benefit of members of the
| |
− | study population who have experience between 11-15 years. The study found a
| |
− | group of recommendations, including: the need to focus on the establishment of
| |
− | a general management of electronic documents in the organization structure that
| |
− | takes care of all the technical processes in it an contains scientifically
| |
− | qualified persons in the field of electronic document management. The need is
| |
− | for the attention in developing strategic plans, policies and mechanisms of
| |
− | action commensurate with the electronic document management system</span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>;</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:2.05pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:198%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>9.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Fakije
| |
− | Zejnullahu and Indrit Baholli dalam <i>Mediterranean Journal of</i> <i>Scial
| |
− | Sciences </i>Vol 8 No 1 January 2017<i> </i>yang berjudul “<i>System for
| |
− | Electronic Archiving of Document in Republic of Kosovo- An Evaluation of
| |
− | Success Factors- Design-Reality Gap Analysis</i>”, berupa:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:.95pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 198%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Use
| |
− | of Innovation of ICT in activities of the public sector, referred to as
| |
− | e-Government, has helped governments to improve their services to citizens, to
| |
− | businesses and to government units by making them more qualitative and easily
| |
− | accessible. The initiative of e-Government in Kosovo was identified as a
| |
− | priority of the government in 2008 and</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:198%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span></i>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection48>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>since
| |
− | then a number of projects have been implemented, amongst them the System for
| |
− | Electronic Archiving of Document (SEAD). Since the partial or full failure of
| |
− | implementation of e-government projects is very frequent phenomenon in
| |
− | developing countries, the identification of success and failure factors of
| |
− | projects is necessary in order to address them on time. In this study are
| |
− | assessed the level of success of implementation of SEAD and are identified the
| |
− | critical success and failure factors of this system through seven dimensions
| |
− | ITPOSMO by using the Design Reality Gap Analysis. By measuring the
| |
− | design-reality gap across seven dimensions, we have assessed the success of the
| |
− | implementation of SEAD, which scored 18.05. Results from this study indicate
| |
− | that if no action is taken to reduce the size of gaps, particularly the gap in
| |
− | dimensions “Processes” and “Staffing and Skills”, project risks falling in the
| |
− | category “Partial Failure”. Findings from this research will serve to reduce
| |
− | the risks that may affect the successful implementation of e-governance in
| |
− | Republic of Kosovo, and also will serve other researchers in identifying the
| |
− | failure and success factors of e-Government in developing countries</span></i><span
| |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>.</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:2.2pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
| |
− | -17.6pt;line-height:199%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;
| |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>10.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
| |
− | </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Made
| |
− | Pasek Agus Ariawan, Putu Bagus Indra Sukadiana Putra and Putu Arya Mertasana
| |
− | dalam <i>International Journal of Engineering and</i> <i>Emerging Technology </i>(IJEET)
| |
− | Vol.2 No.21 July<i> </i>–<i> </i>December 2017<i> </i>yang berjudul “<i>Design
| |
− | and Analysis of Mail Management Information</i> <i>System using PIECES Method:
| |
− | A Case Study at Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Udayana
| |
− | University</i>”, berupa:</span></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection49>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:13.3pt;margin-bottom:
| |
− | 0cm;margin-left:95.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
| |
− | 199%'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Information
| |
− | is needed by agencies, companies, organizations, institutions and the
| |
− | environment having no access to the system. Mail is an important means of
| |
− | communication for agencies. The faster the distribution of the mail the faster
| |
− | the information can be obtained by people or agencies. The increasing number of
| |
− | incoming and outgoing mail gives rise to some problems in mail management. From
| |
− | review of some researches, it can be said that the information management
| |
− | system can help handle the problem faced in mail data processing, mail filing,
| |
− | and mail searching. However, there are some drawbacks in the researches, among
| |
− | others the researches reviewed do not explain how the system works in the mail
| |
− | distribution, verification, signing, classification, and prioritization. This
| |
− | research aims to analyze and design an information system of incoming and
| |
− | outgoing mail management using the PIECES analysis. The advantages of the
| |
− | system are among others, it can help computerize data; the process of mail
| |
− | distribution can be real time with mail notification; the incoming mail data
| |
− | can be classified using the classification method; outgoing mail can be made
| |
− | using the SPK method and the mail signing can be made using the barcode system.</span></i></p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:199%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><br
| |
− | clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
| |
− | </span>
| |
− |
| |
− | <div class=WordSection50>
| |
− |
| |
− | <p class=MsoNormal> </p>
| |
− |
| |
− | </div>
| |
− |
| |
− | </body>
| |
− |
| |
− | </html>
| |
| | | |
| + | ====<div style="font-weight:bold;font-family: 'times new roman'; display: contents">Konsep Dasar Sistem</div>==== |
| <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX | | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX |
| style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p> | | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p> |
Baris 5.993: |
Baris 2.139: |
| style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p> | | style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p> |
| | | |
− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| + | ===<div style="font-weight:bold;font-family: 'times new roman'; display: contents">Konsep Dasar Sistem Informasi</div>=== |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.2</span></b><span | + | |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
| + | |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsep
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− | Dasar Sistem Informasi</span></b></p> | + | |
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| <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX | | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
| + | ===<div style="font-weight:bold;font-family: 'times new roman'; display: contents">Konsep Dasar Perancangan Sistem</div>=== |
− | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.3.</span></b><b><span | + | |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Konsep Dasar
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− | Perancangan Sistem</span></b></p> | + | |
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| <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p> | | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p> |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| + | ===<div style="font-weight:bold;font-family: 'times new roman'; display: contents">Konsep Dasar Analisa Sistem</div>=== |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.4.</span></b><span | + | |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
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− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsep
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− | Dasar Analisa Sistem</span></b></p> | + | |
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| <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX | | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX |
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− | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span lang=ES-MX
| + | ===<div style="font-weight:bold;font-family: 'times new roman'; display: contents">Konsep Dasar Dasar Data dan Informasi </div>=== |
− | style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.5.</span></b><span | + | |
− | lang=ES-MX style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span><b><span
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− | lang=ES-MX style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Konsep
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− | Dasar Data dan Informasi</span></b></p> | + | |
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| <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX | | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.8pt'><span lang=ES-MX |
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| <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:19.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p> | | <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:19.25pt'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> </span></p> |
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| + | ===<div style="font-weight:bold;font-family: 'times new roman'; display: contents">Konsep Dasar Teknologi Informasi</div>=== |
| + | <div style="font-size: 12pt;font-family: 'times new roman';text-align: justify;text-indent: 0.5in;line-height: 2"> |
| <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt; | | <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:41.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt; |
| font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.6.</span></b><b><span | | font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#252525'>2.1.6.</span></b><b><span |
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